Share
Did you know that some of the world’s most treasured masterpieces require constant care to stay intact? These museum divas demand continuous attention! This intriguing intersection of science and art is essential to ensure that artworks and artifacts do not deteriorate over time and become lost to history. Whether for educational purposes, to foster a sense of identity and belonging, or simply to marvel at their beauty, conservation is key.
Conservation Lab,Carnegie Museum of Art Photo Credit: Sean Eaton, Image Source: Carnegie Museum of Art
Conservation involves all actions and procedures aimed at prolonging the life of an object by slowing its natural or accidental deterioration as much as possible. This process is typically divided between the curator and the conservator. Curators focus on preventive, non-invasive conservation, while conservators engage in more hands-on curatorial conservation. Beyond conservation, art conservators also conduct in-depth research on these pieces, carefully examining them to understand their materials, history, and often hidden secrets.
Mona Lisa, Leonardo Da Vinci, under X ray process, Image Source: Rincon Educativo
What are the major factors of deterioration of an object? The answer is LHT: light, humidity, and temperature. You have probably seen ‘No flash photography’ signs in museums or felt the need for a jacket while browsing exhibits. These measures are in place to maintain the longevity of artifacts. While some might assume this is a marketing strategy to attract more visitors, it primarily serves to safeguard the artworks.
Imagine visiting a museum to see Claude Monet’s “Water Lilies,” only to find the painting covered in dust, dirt, and completely yellowed. Would you still be enchanted by the beauty of the lily ponds and reflections? Probably not. Over time, the vibrant greens of the lily leaves might degrade into muted browns, and the once vivid blues of the water’s reflections could appear washed out due to exposure to light and air pollutants.
Water Lilies, Claude Monet (French, 1840–1926), 1906, From the collection of: The Art Institute of Chicago
Conservation methods predominantly involve modern technology, employing gadgets like XRF, X-rays, and microscopy, as well as techniques such as infrared imaging in art restoration. While these methods are highly effective, India has long relied on traditional pest control remedies, using camphor and neem leaves as insecticides for centuries.
Do you know one of the longest and most challenging conservation projects actually began in the late 1970s and spanned over 22 years? It was none other than ‘The Last Supper’ by Leonardo da Vinci. Painted on a convent wall in Milan, this masterpiece suffered extensive damage due to environmental factors and previous restoration attempts. Over the centuries, the mural deteriorated so severely that by the 20th century, it was barely recognizable. Conservators had to use innovative techniques, including microscopic analysis and digital imaging, to remove layers of dirt and previous restoration work.
Top view: Before Conservation, Bottom View: After Conservation, Leonardo Da Vinci, ‘The Last Supper’, 1495–1498, Tempera on gesso, pitch, and mastic, Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan, Italy, Image Source: iGuzzini
As visitors, we play a vital role in conservation too! by adhering to museum rules—especially “DO NOT TOUCH”—we actively contribute to the preservation of art. We’re more than mere spectators; we are essential to keeping art alive and thriving!
